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本文节选自《On Writing Well》电子版:
一一02一一UnltyYoulearntoWritebyWriting.It”satruism,butwhatmakesitatruismisthatit”strue,TheonlywaytolearntoWriteistoforceyourselftoproducea_certainnumberofWordsonaregularbasis.IfyouwenttoWorkforanewspaperthatfrequiredyoutoWritetwWwoorthreearticlesevefyday,youWouldbeabetterWriterafterSixmonths,Youwouldn”tnecessarilybewritingWel1;yourstylemightStillbefullofclutterandclicheks.ButyouWouldbeexercisingyourpowersofputtingtheEnglishlanguageonpaper,gainingconfidenceandidentifyingthemostcommonProblems.Al11writingisUltimatelyaquestionofsolvingaprfroblen.Itmaybeaproblemofwheretoobtainthefactsorhowtoorganizethematerial.,Itmaybeaproblemofappfroachorattitude,toneorStyleWhateverjiis,ithastobeconfrontedandSolved.,Sometimesyouwilldespairoffindingthefightsolution一ofanysolution.You”1]11think,“本f工livetobeninetyI”11nevergetoutofthismess.”IT”veoftenthoughtitmyself.,Butwhen工finallydoSolvetheproblemit”ssbecause[ITmlikeasurgeonfremovinghis500thappendix;I”vebeentherebefore.Unityisthea
on writing well 翻译
nchorofgoodwriting.So,first,getyourUnitiesStraight._Unityhotonlykeepsthereaderfromstragglingoffinalldirections;itsatisfiesyourfreadersSubconsciousneedfororderandfreassures_themthatallisWellatthehelm.Thereforechoosefromamongthemanyvariablesandsticktoyourchoice,Onechoiceisunityofpfronoun,AreyougoingtoWriteinthefirstperSson,aSsaparticipant,orinthethirdperson,asanobSserver?0Ofreveninthesecondperson,thatdarlingofsportswritershunguponHemingway?(“Youknewthishadtobethemostspine-tinglingclashofgiantsyou”deverSeenfromapressboxSeat,andyouweren”TtjustsomegreenkidwhoWasStillwetbehindtheears.”)Unityoftenseisanotherchoice,Mostpeoplewritemainlyinthepasttense(“TwentuptoBostontheotherday”),butsomepeoplewriteagreeablyinthepresent(“T”nmSittinginthediningcaroftheYankeeLimitedandwe”repullingintoBoston”).,Whatisnotagreeableisto_switchbackandforth.,IT”nmnotsayingyoucan”tusemorethanonetense;thewholepurposeoftenseslsto_enableaWritertodealwithtimeinitsvariousgradations,fromthepast
on writing well 二手
tothehypotheticalfuture(“WhenITtelephonedmymotherfromtheBostonStation,工realizedthatifIThadwrittentotel1lherTwouldbecomingshewouldhavewaitedforme”).,ButyoumustchoosethetenseinwhichyouarePr7Ppc7Da77ygoingto_addressthereader,hnomatterhowmanyglancesyoumaytakebackwardorforwardalongtheway.Anotherchoiceisunityofmood.,Youmightwanttotalktothefreaderinthecasualvoicethat7peWerForerhasStrenuouslyrefined,OryoumightwanttoapproachthefreaderWitha_certainformalitytodescribeaseriouseventortopresentasetofimportantfacts,Bothtonesareacceptable.Infact,aprtoneisacceptable,Butdon”tmixtwoorthree.SuchfatalmixturesarecommoninWritersWhophaven”tlearnedcontrol.,Travelwritingisaconspicuousexample.“Mywife,Ann,andTIhadalwayswantedtovisitHongKong,”thewriterbegins,hisbloodastirwithfreminiscence,“andonedaylastSpringwefoundourselveslookingatanairlineposterandTIsaid,“Let”sgo!”ThekidsweregrownUp,,?”hecontinues,andheproceedstodescribeingenialdetailhow_heandhiswifestoppedoffinHawaiiandhadsucha
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