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本文节选自《On Writing Well》电子版:
SurprisinglyoftenadifficultpfrobleminaSentencecanbeSolvedbySimplygettingTridofit.,Unfortunately,thisSolutionisusuallythelastonethatoccurstoWritersinajam,Firsttheywillputthetroublesomephrasethroughallkindsofexertions一movingittoSomeotherpartoftheSentence,tryingtorephraseit,addingnewWordstoclarifythe_thoughtortooilwhateverlsStuck.,These_effortsonlymakethe_SituationWorse,andthewriterislefttoconcludethatthere7snosolutiontotheproblem一notacomfortingthought.,WhenyoufindyourselfatSuchanimpasse,1lookatthetroublesomeelementandask,“poITneeditatal19?”Probablyyoudon”t,Itwastryingtodoanunnecessaryjoballalong一that”swhyitwasgivingyouSomuchgrief.RemoveitandwatchtheafflictedsentenceSpringtolifeandbreathenormally.,It”sthequickestcureandoftenthebest,了ARAGRAPHS。KeepyourparagrfraphsShort.,MWritingisvisual一让catchestheeyebeforeithasachancetocatchthebrain.Shortparagraphsputairaroundwhatyouwriteandmakeit1ookinviting,WhereasalongchunkoftypecandiscourageareaderfromevenStartingtofead.NewspaperparagraphsshouldbeonlytwoorthreeSentences]ong;newSspapertypeissetina_narrowWidth,andtheinche
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squlicklyaddup.Youmaythinksuchfrequentparagraphingwilldamagethedevelopmentofyourpoint.0Obviously7peNeJorkerisobsessedbythisfear一afreadercangoformilesWithouttrelief.,Don”Ttworry;thegainsfaroutweighthehazards.Butdon”Ttgoberserk.A_successionoftinyparagfraphsisasannoyingasaparagraphthat”stoolong.Imthinkingofallthosemidgetparagraphs一vefbljessWonders一writtenbymodernjournaliststomaketheirarticlesquick”n”easy,Actuallytheymakethereader”sjobharderpychoppingupanatural_trainofthought.Comparethefollowingtwoarrangementsofthesamearticle一howtheylookataglanceandhowtheyfread:TheAssociatedPressparagraphingandverbless_thirdandfourthsentences,disruptiveandcondescending.makingthisforyoul2?”工heNo.之]awwerattheWhiteHousele什workearlyonTues-day,dhrovetoanisolatedParkoverlookingthePotomacRivwerandtookhislife,上Tewvolver记hishand.slurmpedagainstaCivilWar-eracannonhele人tibehindnonote.noexplanation.Onlyfriends,familvandcol-leaguesinstunnedsorrowAndalifestorvythatuntilTuaesdavyhadreadlikeanymamnsfamtasw,VerSion工heNo.lawwerattheWhiteHousele人ftworkearlyonTues-day,drovetoamisolatedParkoverl
on writing well的《Style 》
ookingthePotomacRiwerandtookhislife.Arevolverinhishand,slumpedagainstaCivilWareracannon,bhele人ftbebhindnonote,noexplanation一onlyfriends,familyandcolleagues训stturmnedsorrowHealsoleftbe-hindalifestorythatuntilTues-dayhadreadlikeanymansfantasw\'Cert),withits“Yoo-hoolLookhowSimpleImthefreporteriscallingtous.breeZyversion(CT7epti)givestheTreporterthedignityofwritinggoodEnglishandbuildingthreesentencesintoajlogicalUnIt.ParagraphingisaSubtlebutimnportantelementinwritingnonfictionarticlesandbooks一aroadmapconstantlytellingyOUTrTeaderhowyouhaveorganizedyourideas,StudygoodnonfictionwriterstoSeehowtheydoitYou”11findthatalmostallofthemnthinkinparagraphunits,hnotinSentenceunits.EachparagraphhasitsownintegfrityofcontentandStTfrUctuTre.SEXISM。Oneofthemostvexingnewquestionsforwriters1SWhattodoaboutsexistlanguage,especiallythe“he-she”pronoun.ThefeministmovementhelpfullyrevealedhowmuchSexismjlurksinourlanguage,notonlyintheoffensive“he”butinthehundredsofwordsthatcarryaninvidiousTheyareWordsthatSecond-class_StatusmeanlingorSomeovertoneofjudgment.patronize(“gal”),orthatimply
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