Look Again 万维钢txt(Look Again 万维钢态度PDF)

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alignSwedenwiththeotherScandinaviancountries.Thefearwasthatdriverswouldgetconfused,turningthewrongwayorgettingtooclosetoothercarswhenattemptingtoovertakethem.，TIhatwouldseemtobeaperfectyreasonablefear.Surprisinglyhowever,theswitchdidnotresultinariseinmotoraccidents.Onthecontrarythenumberofaccidentsandfatajitiesplunged!Ihenumberofmotorinsuranceclaimswentdownby40percent.eWhatcausedthisreduction?youmightwellwonder.Perhapsitssafertodriveonthetightsideoftheroadthantheleft*Butthatcannotbetheanswer,asthemiraculousimprovementlastedforonlytwoyears.Itseemsthatthemaincausewasfiskdzrhabituation.也Hyoupluckpeopleoutoftheenvironmenttowhichtheyareaccustomed，Perceptionsofriskw训bereset.ThisisexactlywhathappenedonH-day.Afterthesuddenswitchfromtheleftsidetothefightsideoftheroad，peoplePerceivedtheriskofbeinginamotoraccidentashigh.Theythereforedrovewithextremecaution，andfewerpeoplegotintoaccidents.AfteraPeriod，Peoplehabituatedagain,andthenumberofaccidentsreturnedtonormal.Butfortwenty-fourmonths，thereductioninaccidentstranslatedtomanyjivesSaved.Thereisageneraljessonhere.Ifyouwanttodishabituatepeopletoacertainrisk一yourteenageSon,yoOUITemployees，yourself一youneedto“shakeitup.”EverySooftenchangetheenvironmentbalterthecontexbsothatpeoplemoveoutofthei

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rcomfortzone.Forexample,changethepositiontowhichemployeesareassignedwhenwortkingonaconveyerbeltoralterthecolorsofthewarningSignsonaconstructionsite.Bymovingthingsaroundeversoslightly，youincreaseattentionandalterriskperception.Inits2020regulation，theU.S9.FoodandDrugAdministration(EDA)requiredthatitsvariousgraphicwarningsabouttherisksofcigarettesmoking(theincreased]ikelihoodofcancer，heartdisease，andSoforth)berotatedquarterly了4SupposethatyouseeagraphicwarningdepictingSomeoneinahospitalwithlungcancer.Thewarningmightscareyouthatfirsttime，oreventhefirstfivetimes.Butafterawhile,youmighthabituate.Thedepictionmightbecomelikebackgroundnoise.[ThatwasexactlytheFEDASsconcern.Itbelievedthatrotationofthevariouswarningswasjikelytoreducehabituationandcaptureattention.SothesolutionwastoportraySomeoneinahospitalwithlungcancerforacertainperiod,butthensomeonewithrottingyellowteethnextandSoon.Asimilarapproachhadbeentestedwithonlinesecuritypop-uPwarnings.了2Youareprobablyfamiliarwiththesepop-ups;youaretryingtogetaccesstolookagainbook.com，andamessageappearstellingyouofproblemswithencryptionandauthenticationprotocols.Thismeansthatbyaccessingthesiteyoumaybeallowingotherstostealyourdata,，includingemails，texts，bankaccountdetails,creditcardnumbers,phot

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os,andSoforth.Manypeopleignorethesewarningsandaccessthesiteregardless.TIsecurityexpertsbelievethatoneexplanationforthisbehavioristhatpeoplehavehabituatedtosuchsecuritywarnings.BecausethewarningsappearSooften,Usersdonotevenregisterthemanymore.Tolookintothisproblem，researchersatGoogle，theUniversityofPittsburgh,andBrighamYoungUniversityrecordedthebrainactivityofpeoplewhoobservedaseriesofpop-upwarnings.约Theyfoundthatthefirsttimeapop-upwarningappeared,activityinthevisualcortex，whichprocessesvisualstimuli,wasStrong.Thesecondtimethesamewarningappeared,visualactivitydroppedsignifticantlythethirdtimeSawafurtherdrop，andsoon.Classicneuraladaptation.So，theresearchteamdecidedto，jliterally，shake站6机全Theytookthewarningsandtwirledthem，jiggledthem，zoomedinandout.Ihisreducedneuraladaptation.Notonlywastherelessofadropinvisualactivity，buttrackingusers”mousemovementsshowedthatthefunkywarningsattractedmoreattentionfromUsers.Theanswertodishabituationwascpajage.Changetheenvironmentchangetherules,wxi7jp7zxepeople,andhabituationwillbreak.SIMULATINGDISASTERAnotherwaytotriggerdishabituationistomakepeopleexperiencenegativeoutcomes.Imagineyouarewotkingfuriouslyonyourlaptopwhensuddenlyawarningmessageappears:“YourconnectionisnotPrivate.Attackersmightbe

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