目录（点击切换）
以下节选自《上游思维》丹·希思
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
表
16.
Tippett,，“Mortality and Causes of Death.”
Laura Helmuth “Why Are You Not Dead Yet?,”Slate,Septenber
5, 2013,https://slate. com/technology/2013/09/1ife-expectancy-history-
public-health-and-medical advances-that-lead-to-long-lives.htnl. 这个系
列包括一个名为“悲惨命运”的互动游戏，根据不同的时间框架来观察你死亡的概率和
原因，包括1890年，即克拉克教授发表演讲的那一年。
1900年的平均寿命，E. Arias, J. Xu, and K.D.Kochanek,“United States Life
Tables,2016, ” National Vital Statistics Report 68,no.4 (2019) ,49,table
20.
2019年6月对约翰。奥尔巴赫的采访。
AL. B.Martin, M. Hartman,B. Washington,and A.Caitlin, “National Health
Care Spending in 2017:Growth Slows to Post-Great Recession Rates, Share
of GDP Stabilizes, ”Health Affairs 38,no.1 (January 2019) ,102,exhibit
5. 你也许会好奇，为什么这和第1章中强调的上下游1:1的比例不同。回想一下，上游
部分包括帮助人们提升健康水平的支出，比如养老金、失业保险、公共住房等。我们在
这里特别讨论的是在人口健康方面的支出，这与减少死亡和疾病的发生率有关。换句话
说，“上游健康”是一个超集，其中有一小部分就包括公共卫生。
2018年8月对朱莉\"帕夫林的采访。
2019年8月对帕特里克。康威的采访。
来自丹的提示，我费了很大力气，还是无法找到这一评论的原始出处。我印象中好
像有作者〈们) 吹叭过核磁共振扫描的普及率。我可能是在某场演讲中听到过。至于事
实本身，即美国在核磁共振扫描方面是世界领先的国家之一，参见以下来源〈准确来
说，他们并不是在吹肉) :，I.Papanicolas,L.R.Woskie, and A.K.Jha, “Health
Care Spending in the United States and Other High-Ineome Countries,”
JAMA 319, no. 10 (2018) :1024 - 39.
2019年1月对售安娜。尹的采访。
美国职业安全与健康管理局，“Healthcare:Safe Patient Handling，”
https: //www. osha.gov/SLTC/healthearefacilities/safepatienthandling.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention， “Ten Great Public
Health Achievements:United States,2001 -2010,”Mobility and Mortality
Weekly Report,May
20, 2011,https://www. cdc. govymmwrypreview/mmwrhtmlymm6019a5.htn?
scid=fb2423.17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
3
23.
24.
琶
Andy Goodman, “The Story of David 01ds and the Nurse Home Visiting
Program, ”Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, July 25,2006,7-8.
该项目的详细信息来自多个渠道，Nurse-Family Partnership,“Nurses and
Mothers, ”https://www.nursefamilypartnership. org/wp-
content/uploads/2018/11/Nurses-Mothers. pdf; Nurse-Family Partnership，
“0verview ”https://www.nursefamilypartnership. org/wp-
content/uploads/2019/07VNFP-Overview.pdf;Goodnan,“The Story of David
0lds,”11; Joan Riemer, “This Nurse Helps New Mons When They\'re Most
Wulnerable, ”Woman\'s Day, January
8, 2019, https://www.womansday.com/1ife/real-wonmen/a25805099/nurse-
fanily-partnership-facts/;T.R.Miller,“Projected Outcomes of Nurse-
Family Partnership Hone Visitation During 1996 -2013,USA, ”Prevention
Science 16,no.6 (2015) :765-77; Michelle Andrews,“ “Pay for Success
Approach Used to Fund a Program That Supports New Monms, ”Shots:Health
News 。 from 。 NPR, August 9,2017,https://www.npr. org/sections/health-
shots/2017/08/09/542110282/pay-for-success-approach-used-to fund-a-
program-that-supports-new-monms.
777;
T.R.Miller,“Projected Outcomes of Nurse-Fanily Partnership,”
Nurse Family Partnership,“Research and Outcomes，
https: /www. nursefamily partnership. org/wp-
content/uploads/2018/11/Research-Trials-and-Outcomes.pdf.
粮食券计划，即美国政府的反饥饿项目，旨在为穷困家庭提供食品经济补贴。一一
译者注
Ted R. Miller, Nurse-Family Partnership Home
Visitation:Costs, Outcones,and Return on Investment,HSBA (〔 September
2012; Tevised Apri
30, 2013 ) ,https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264972035 Nurse-
Family_Partnership_Home_Visitation_ Costs_Outcomes_and_Return_on_Investm
ent
ecutive_Sumary.
Miller,“Projected Outcomes of Nurse-Family Partnership, ”765 - 77.
Nurse-Family Partnership,“Nurse-Fanily Partnership:Outcomes, Costs
and Return on Investment in the US, ”2019.
Pay for Sucecess，*“What Is the “Wrong Pockets Problem”?, ”Urban
Institute,https://pfs.urban. org/faq/what-wrong-pockets-problen.
South Carolina\' s Department of Health and Human Services,“Fact
Sheet:South ”Carolina ” Nurse-Fanily Partnership Pay for Success
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